The significance of <scp>M1</scp> ‐polarized <scp>CD163</scp> + macrophages in acute graft‐versus‐host disease ( <scp>GVHD</scp> ): Possible mechanisms of <scp>GVHD</scp> in the development of skin lesions

Objectives Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is an important complication of bone marrow transplantation. Recent reports suggest the significance T-cell subsets (Th1, Th17, and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells) as well CD163+ macrophages in development cutaneous GVHD. produce various chemokines to establish immunological microenvironment following stimulation by stromal factors lesional skin. Thus, purpose this study determine main source IFN-inducible skin Methods We employed immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for CD163 interferon (IFN)-inducible (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11) if GVHD was macrophages. Moreover, we investigated possible cytokine profiles evaluating phospho-signal transducer activator transcription (pSTAT) expression epidermal keratinocytes. Results Immunohistochemical serial sections revealed that CXCL9-expressing cells, CXCL10-expressing CXCL11-expressing cells were detected adjacent TAMs dermis. In contrast, there no CCL17-expressing or CCL22-expressing The nuclei keratinocytes expressed pSTAT1, pSTAT3, pSTAT5B. Conclusions chemokine patterns on matched expected phosphorylation pattern STATs. Our present suggested + may be a therapeutic target